The Impact Of Kickstarter On The Arts And Creation

Kickstarter is a crowdfunding site, based out of Greenpoint, Brooklyn, which specializes in funding the arts and creation. Crowdfunding is a way of raising funds by collecting small donations from a large amount of backers (Bradsford, 2012, pp. 10). Starting in 2009, Kickstarter has raised over 1.5 billion dollars, successfully funding over 90,000 projects (Stats, 2015). In exchange for a 5% fee on overall funds collected, Kickstarter effectively acts as an intermediary between creates a bridge between producers and their backers. Kickstarter functions as a reward or pre-purchased based crowdfunding site, and is considered one of the leaders of this type (Bradsford, 2012, pp. 16). Bakers are tempted into supporting a project by promises†¦show more content†¦Crowdfunding is not always successful. Kickstarter itself has a competition rate of only 36% (Stats, 2015). Many times this happens when set funding goals or much higher (on average 4-5 times successful projects) than t he final products actual worth (Byrus, Kuppuswamy, 2014, pp. 8). Of those succeed , 50% only accomplish it by very slim 10% margin (Byrus, Kuppuswamy, 2014, pp. 8). Normally, this would be a cause of concern. If someone has invested into a product that had failed to be completed, was cancelled, or didn’t receive enough funding, then they essentially just threw away their money. Kickstarter found a way to protect these investors, by an â€Å"all or nothing† method, also known as the threshold method. They do not charge the backers until the project is completed, and the product is made available (Mollik, 2014). Another cause of concern is the potential for fraud. It is easy to believe that some people may just take the money without actually producing the product, however, â€Å"initial empirical data on unregulated crowdfund entities suggest that no material fraud or risk to capital providers exists† (Groshoff, 2014, pp. 550) While it is only initial data, and thus subject to change in the future, Kickstarter has a very low risk of fraud. As of 2014, only $21,324 out of $1.5 billion has been recorded as fraudulent (Groshoff, pp. 549). This shows that it is a trusted site, with very low risk by the investors (funders). After

The Community Mental Health Act Of 1963 - 1064 Words

The Community Mental Health Act of 1963, was the first federal law that inspired community-based mental health care, and it ignited the transformation of the public mental health system (Young Minds Advocacy, 2016). Other names of the Act are Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963. It was the beginning of the Deinstitutionalized movement in mental health treatment options for children, youth, and adults (National Council for Behavioral Health (NCBH), 2015). States received money from grants, from the Community Mental Health Act for the construction of these mental health centers. Initially, the intention of the grant program was to provide 1500 mental health centers nationally (Young Minds†¦show more content†¦Institutional care was condemned, as in many cases patients’ mental conditions deteriorated, and institutions were not able to treat the individual in a holistic manner. In many state institutions, patients numerously o utnumbered the poorly trained staff. Many patients were boarded in these facilities for extensive periods of time without receiving any services. By 1963, the average stay for an individual with a diagnosis of schizophrenia was eleven years. As the media and newspapers publicized the inhumane conditions that existed in many psychiatric hospitals, awareness grew and there was much public pressure to create improved treatment options (Young Minds Advocacy, 2016). . In an effort to transform the public mental health system, in 1963, President Kennedy proposed the Community Mental Health Act. It was the first among several federal initiatives to create a community mental health care system. Once the act was ratified, there was an intense deterioration in institutionalization, otherwise known as â€Å"deinstitutionalization†, and by 1980 there was a 75% declined of the inpatient population at many public psychiatric hospitals. In 2000, there was less than 10% of the public institutionalized just fifty years earlier. In 2009, there was even a more dramatic shift among children and adolescence whereby there was a 98% decline inShow MoreRelatedThe Community Mental Health Centers Act Of 1963 Closed State Psychiatric Hospitals1191 Words   |  5 PagesMany years ago, mental illness was viewed as a demonic possession or a religious punishment. In the 18th century, the attitudes towards mental illness were negative and persistent. This negativit y leads to the stigmatization and confinement of those who were mentally ill. The mentally ill were sent to mental hospitals that were unhealthy and dangerous. A push in the mid 1950s for deinstitutionalization began because of activists lobbying for change. Dorothea Dix was one of these activists that helpedRead MoreCommunity Mental Health Movement Of The United States1210 Words   |  5 PagesCommunity Mental Health Movement For many years, people who suffered with mental illness were more often than not institutionalized and severely mistreated. The history of the Mental Health movement begins in 1909. The history of advocacy began with Clifford W. Beers. Beers, himself an ex-psychiatric patient who, after his release, crusaded to bring mental health and mental illness to the attention of his fellow citizens (Pols). In 1908, Beers published his autobiography, A Mind That Found ItselfRead MoreThe Release Of Institutionalized Individuals From Institutional Care1080 Words   |  5 Pageshospital) to care in the community. Deinstitutionalization is a long term pattern wherein less individuals live as patients in mental facilities and less psychological well-being treatments are delivered in public facilities. This trend is directly due to the process of closing public hospitals and the ensuing transfers of patients to community-based mental health services in the late twentieth century. It represents the d issipation of patients over a wider variety of health care settings and geographicRead MoreEssay about Labelling People894 Words   |  4 Pagesan act as deviant or criminal is not a simple straight forward process. A label is not neutral, it contains an evaluation of the person to whom it is applied. It is a ‘Master Status’ in the sense that it overshadows all the other statuses possessed by the individual. If an individual is labelled as criminal, mentally ill or gay, such labels tend to override the individuals status as father, husband, worker, friend or neighbour. Whether or not the label is applied will depend on how the act isRead MoreThe Labelling Theory Movement Among Criminologist And Sociologists1594 Words   |  7 Pagesto portray the person in power which campaign to make certain deviant behaviour outlawed (Becker, 1963). He suggests that most laws are founded on that basis, and the behaviour that is classified as criminal is ever changing. Thus, the criminal behaviour is impertinent to the labelling theory. What actually matters is which outlaws are arrested and processed by the criminal justice system (Becker, 1963). Due to the belief that societal and personal factors do not kick in as motivations for criminalRead MoreAccording To Erchul Martens (2012), The Earliest Consultation1202 Words   |  5 Pagessupervising a group of psychologists and social workers who were caring for a 16,000 immigrant adolescents with mental illness that were located in 100 residential institutions, where transportation to get to the clients were often problematic; and there were approximately 1,000 initial request for assistance with these individuals. In response to such constraint, a new way of providing mental services emerged. Rather than Caplan and his team meeting with individual clients in the clinic, Caplan andRead MoreMental Health Of Individuals Living With Schizophrenia1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe mental health of individuals livin g with schizophrenia not only depends on the severity of their mental illness, it also depends on their inclusion within their community (Michael, 2012). Despite recent advances and treatment, individuals suffering from schizophrenia encounter a considerable stigma that creates barriers to them receiving adequate treatment which in turn hinders their full integration into society (Morgan, 2003). The conceptualization of stigma was explored (Goffman, 1963) asRead MoreHealthcare Delivery For Persons With Mental Illness1269 Words   |  6 Pagesdelivery for persons with mental illness is complex and many barriers exist that prevent patients from receiving quality care such as homelessness, substance abuse, imprisonment, stigma, accessibility, and cost. A review of the history of mental health, an examination of past and future laws, and an assessment of what the barriers to achieving mental health wellness are, will help to improve awareness and promote better treatment solutions for those afflicted by mental illnesses. Important HistoricalRead MoreBeing A Stigmatized Person By Sociologist Erving Goffman Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Management of a Spoiled Identity was published in 1963 and in the first chapter the book, Goffman determines the three types of stigma; stigma of character traits, physical stigma, and stigma of group identity. Stigma of character traits are â€Å"blemishes of individual character perceived as weak will, domineering, or unnatural passions, treacherous and rigid beliefs, and dishonesty, these being inferred from a known record of, for example, mental disorder, imprisonment, addiction, alcoholism, homosexualityRead MoreNational Institute Of Mental Health Essay727 Words   |  3 PagesNational Institute of Mental Health: Panic disorder The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2015) mission is to transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses (NIMH, 2015). NIMH try to accomplish this though clinical research, so they can prevent and cure people. Their goals are to promoting the discovery of the brain, so they can find the cure for the mental disorder, and developing new intervention that ingrate the need and support for people with mental illnesses (NIMH, 2015)

Berlin Conference Free Essays

For three long months, 14 countries from Western Europe and the United States attended the Berlin Conference. This important conference is also known as Congo Conference or Berlin West Africa Conference. The countries that attended include Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden-Norway, Turkey, and US. We will write a custom essay sample on Berlin Conference or any similar topic only for you Order Now Interesting enough, not a single country of Africa attended even though the conference was entirely about the division of land on the African continent. The major players at this conference were the great and mighty countries of France, Germany, Great Britain, and Portugal. This conference that started on November 15, 1884 and ended on February 26, 1885 was called for by Portugal and organized by Otto von Bismarck, chancellor of Germany and minister of Prussia. The original goal of this lengthy conference was to agree that the Congo River and Niger River mouths and basins are neutral and are open to free trade. Before the conference, 80% of Africa remained to be traditionally and locally ruled. The Europeans only controlled the coastal areas. This all changed because King Leopold II wanted glory for Portugal and organized a secret mission to form Congo Free State. King Leopold and other countries wanted to take advantage of its gold, timber, land, timber, and labor power. When France discovered King Leopold II’s scheme, she got mad which eventually resulted in this conference. The final result of this conference culminated in the General Act of BerlinConference. This document prohibited international slave trade, made Congo Free State a private property of Congo Society (although Leopold still uses it as his private property), permit free trade in Congo Basin and Lake Niassa, and allow free ship traffic on the Niger and Congo river. A new map of the African continent was created. It divided the vast continent into 50 geometric countries with no regards for cultural and linguistic boundaries of the native Africans. The only countries remaining free are Ethiopia and Liberia (US’s country to return slaves to their â€Å"homeland†. All in all, the Berlin Conference caused Africans to lose their autonomy and ushered in heightened colonial activity. How to cite Berlin Conference, Essay examples

Electromagnetic Radiation Essay Research Paper Electromagnetic radiation free essay sample

Electromagnetic Radiation Essay, Research Paper Electromagnetic radiation is defined as the emanation and transmittal of energy in the signifier of electromagnetic moving ridges. An electromagnetic moving ridge consists of two moving ridges at perpendicular planes, on stand foring the electrical field while the other represents the magnetic field. This spectrum is split up into approximately 81 octaves, much like the octaves of sound, which scientists have categorized in order to picture the utility of the different properties.Theoretically, electromagnetic moving ridges can be every bit long as the expansive breadth of the existence in one moving ridge, to a wavelength the size of a quanta ( the smallest sum of energy that can be transmitted ) . That, nevertheless, is at this point in clip negligible because we either can non observe wavelengths so highly big or infinitesimally little. So by and large the spectrum is regarded to be set between 30,000,000 kilometers and.0001 As ( 1 kilometer is equal to 1 Tens 10^13 As ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Electromagnetic Radiation Essay Research Paper Electromagnetic radiation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The longest and least energetic of the recognized wavelengths are radio moving ridges. Their wavelengths scope from 300,000 kilometers to 30 centimeter and a frequence of 30 kilohertzs to 3,000,000 kilohertz. The moving ridges are used in the transmittal of wireless and telecasting signals. AM and FM wireless signals fall in the long-wave wireless scope, while Television signals use the short-wave wireless scope, someplace in the 3 m wavelength. Radio moving ridges take up approximately 30 of the 81 octaves. The following somewhat more energetic and shorter wavelength is microwaves. Obviously, most are familiar with microwaves since they are ever being used to cook nutrient, but microwaves are besides used in radiotelescopes and radio detection and ranging, even the radiation from a impersonal H atom falls in this scope. Microwave scope extends from wavelengths of 30 centimeter to.3 centimeter and frequences of 1-100 billion rhythms per second. This corresponds to 6 1/2 octaves. The n comes the infrared scope. While much of the wireless spectrum base on ballss easy through our ambiance, infrared is about wholly blocked off due to soaking up by gaseous molecules that reside at that place. Infrared moving ridges are present during the transmittal of heat. It s wavelengths scope from.3 centimeter to.000076 centimeter with frequences from 100 billion ( 10^11 ) to about 10^14 rhythms per second. 12 octaves are portion of the infrared spectrum. The seeable spectrum with its individual octave is the portion of the spectrum that merely the blind are denied. The ambiance is extremely crystalline to the seeable spectrum, and is one reason why biologists believe it is the only part of the spectrum our eyes are sensitive to. Our sun produces intense amounts of visible light, which also explains why we don t perceive the much less abundant radio wavelengths that are also impervious to our atmosphere. The visible wavelengths range from .76 microns (7600 angstroms) to .38 microns (3800 angstroms) with frequencies of slightly less than a quadrillion (10^15). Many recognize UV or ultraviolet radiation because of modern societies obsession with tanning, and the cancerous growths that may follow. UV radiation is very energetic compared to the previous categories discussed and will burn with the prolonged exposure, which tanning is a mild form of. Not much UV can get through the ozone layer, but a little does, and our polluting industrial revolution has caused our protective layer to break down allowing more UV radiation in and larger health problems to the world. It has wavelengths from 3800-100 angstroms, with fr equencies from a quadrillion (10^15) to slightly less than 100 quadrillion (10^17). UV occupies about 5 octaves. X-rays, once again, are also well known to the public through their modern medical usage. They are very energetic in nature and extremely harmful to the living bodies, especially in the reproductive sites. They can easily pass through skin and reveal the underlying structure of animals. X-rays have been known to also cause cancer and even mutations. Prolonged exposure leads to radiation poisoning and certain death. It s wavelengths range from 100-.1 angstroms with frequencies of just under 10^17 to 10^20 cycles per second. It contains 10 octaves. Gamma rays are the newly discovered form of radiation that is associated with space, and is given off in reactions concerning the nuclei of atoms. These are the most energetic and shortest wavelengths that are very, very lethal. They are often called cosmic rays and so far have no practical use other than extraterrestrial observa tion. It s frequencies are 100 quintillion (10^20) and higher with wavelengths than 1/10th of an angstrom. Although scientists have established these arbitrary borders for the electromagnetic spectrum, there is truly no difference between them. Their only differences lie in the amount of energy they contain, their wavelengths, and their frequencies. They all behave as waves and particles, and all travel at the unerring speed of light, 300,000 Km per second.